Nietzsches philosophy
Nietzscheanism is the set of philosophies that have been defined to be wide ranged and these philosophies have been observed to cover the topics as morality, religion, ontology, psychology as well as the wider topics as social criticism. It has been criticized about the philosophies that there are no expositions given in relation to these philosophies however these are explanative of the ideas that were held by Nietzsche in relation to the world. Thereby it has been argued that these philosophies are in need of an intense debate and criticism as well as a scholarly analysis. A scholarly level of interpretation is required in order to understand the ideas that have been given by Nietzsche.
There are many explanations that have been given in relation to the philosophies presented by Nietzsche and it has been said that these are the philosophies that are rather full of outrageous claims and these reflect the evocative style of Nietzsche. The philosophies have been regarded as being passionate in the case of the discussions that have been brought up in these philosophies in relation to a wide range of emotions as love and hate. These passionate discussions are the main characters in the case of these philosophies that have been able to draw the attention of some of the group of even the amateurs for the interpretations.
Ecce Homo is the autobiography of Nietzsche and in this book it has been mentioned by Nietzsche that the philosophies have been developed by him slowly with the passage of time and these have come into effect by taking all the worlds surroundings into considerations. The slower development of these philosophies has been the main reason of a slower and a difficult interpretation of these philosophies as the main concepts that have been underlined by Nietzsche in one of his works has no relation with the concepts that have been laid down in the other work. This is the fact that has been argued in the case of the concept of thought of eternal recurrence that has been discussed as being the central idea in Thus Spoke Zarathustra but this is the idea that is not found in his next book Beyond Good and Evil.
The first main idea thereby that has been discussed by the critics is that of the eternal recurrence. It has been argued that Nietzsche has not argued about the reality of eternal recurrence itself but in fact, the argument that has been emphasized in his philosophies is related to the main thought of the eternal recurrence. Several authors have added that there are other occurrences of the same thoughts but these are only contemporary. It has been argued that Nietzsche had read Courses on Philosophy by Eugen Duhring as this is the book that has been criticized by Nietzsche and somehow it has been observed that the philosophies have a link to the philosophies in this book. It has been written by Nietzsche in Gay Science
What if a demon were to creep after you one day or night, in your loneliest loneness, and say This life which you live and have lived, must be lived again by you, and innumerable times more. And mere will be nothing new in it, but every pain and every joy and every thought and every sigh everything unspeakably small and great in your lifemust come again to you, and in the same sequence and series__ Would you not throw yourself down and curse the demon who spoke to you thus Or have you once experienced a tremendous moment, in which you would answer him Thou art a god, and never have I heard anything more divine The Gay Science (1882), p. 341.
It has been argued that there are many conceptions to which the links have been made by Nietzsche and these include the ancient cyclical conceptions of time especially the ones that have been used by the Pythagorians in Untimely Meditations. It has been added by the critics that the idea of the eternal return must have been adopted by Nietzsche by reading the works of Heinrich Heine. It has been written by him that the time is an infinite factor but the things in time as the concrete bodies are the ones that are regarded as finite. These concrete elements might break down into their smaller components but indeed these are the particles that have there there definite and a specific compositions, definite numbers and the specific number of configurations that are formed out of these particles are the ones that are also determinate.
In its answer, the idea that has been given by Nietzsche is that the wish of the return of all the eternal events is the one that can have a mark on the complete affirmation that is related to the life. Nietzsche adds that the in order to comprehend the recurrence of the eternal thought and to embrace the idea of the eternal recurrence there is a requirement of the love of fate and this is the idea that has been strongly argued by Nietzsche.
The second main concept that has been discussed by Nietzsche is the will to power. In this case, it has been argued that the will to power is the main driving force in the humanity in order to be successful in their lives. Some of the main manifestations of the will to power include the achievement, ambition, striving for the success and to reach the highest possible position in life. The interpretations that have been given in the case of will to power say that it is an important part of the psychological principle but it has been related to the human behaviors by Nietzsche. It has been argued that the will to power has been viewed as a general force by Nietzsche that underlies and includes all the realities rather than just the behaviors and in this way it can be interpreted here that this is the concept that has been seen to be analogous to the will concept that has been given by Schopenhauer. In addition to this it can be said that the concept of will to power is lesser metaphysical and more pragmatic.
Of what is great one must either be silent or speak with greatness. With greatness--that means cynically and with innocence.
The third main philosophy that has been discussed by Nietzsche is the Overman which is also known as bermensch. This is the philosophy that says that bermensch is the goal of humanity. This is the concept that has been given in contrast to the concept of worldliness in Christianity. bermensch is the concept that emphasizes the fact that those who desire the worldly desires are to be ignored in order to be more near to the earth. It has been added that this turning away from the earth that is more prompted by a dissatisfaction with the life. It has been observed that there is a relation between the concept of the eternal recurrence and bermensch. Eternal recurrence has been seen to replace the bermensch as an object of utter ambition. It is due to the fact that bermensch can appear as another worldly hope. bermensch is the one that lies in the future times with no links to the historical figures. The eternal recurrence is the concept that tries to save bermensch from the charge of idealism in many cases. In this case it can be argued that if the eternal recurrence is willed than it can be considered as a necessary step if bermensch is the one that can create newer values. These values involve the rank ordering of the things on the earth and the ones that are inseparable from the approval as well as the disapprovals. Still it can be added that the bermensch should have the strength to will the eternal recurrence as it has been seen that this is the only case in which the bermensch will have the strength to accept all the past of life.
I teach you the overman. Man is something that shall be overcome. What have you done to overcome him ... All beings so far have created something beyond themselves and do you want to be the ebb of this great flood, and even go back to the beasts rather than overcome man What is ape to man A laughing stock or painful embarrassment. And man shall be that to overman a laughingstock or painful embarrassment. You have made your way from worm to man, and much in you is still worm. Once you were apes, and even now, too, man is more ape than any ape...The overman is the meaning of the earth. Let your will say the overman shall be the meaning of the earth...Man is a rope, tied between beast and overman--a rope over an abyss...what is great in man is that he is a bridge and not an end...
Nietzsche was an elitist and this is shown by the doctrine of overman that he has presented. If overman is considered to be the highest human value than it can be the start of the highest spiritual and an individual power that the humanity can achieve. Here it has been argued that the society of the equals is the one that has been deemed to be incompatible with overman. There is a reluctance that has been noticed in the acceptance of the eternal recurrence in Zarathustra however there is a severe nausea that has been noticed when the eternal reluctance is embraced in part two of Thus Spoke Zarathustra, where it has been mentioned that all of the life is a byproduct of the elitism in Zarathustra. If the passages from second, third and fourth part of Zarathustra are noticed than the nausea is revealed.
Nietzsche often referred to the people who are seen to participate in the mass movements and the people who shared a common mass philosophy as the rabble. Nietzsche has been interpreted to have an importance for the individualism. In case of Nietzsche, it has been seen that the individual subject has always been seen as a complex of wills to power and instincts. It has been argued that according to Nietzsche, man is a specie which is often referred to as an animal but according to the many interpretations this is the very animal who can be a bridge and a connection to something greater that has to be overcome. It has been said that striving is more important than the hatred. It has been clearly added by Nietzsche that among the rabble of the than modern world the socialist rabble is the one that is to be hated. Thereby here the one main point that can be realized is that Nietzsche has been an important critic of the progressive ideals. The studies that have been carried out by Nietzsche based on the social democratic values are the ones that are more to be analyzed and studied.
During the contempt of the common man, a nausea is revealed by Nietzsche and it is mentioned that he had been walking through the rabble without having any hope for the pleasure and to get that required pleasure he had to travel to the highest spheres. Here the considerable point that has been made is that the escape from the nauseating mob is made by indulging into the quest of overman.
This is the quest that helps Zarathustra to attain the newer heights.
It has been duly argued that Nietzsche has been one of those who have brought the strong emotions as resentment and revenge with their passions back into the law. Nietzsche has often been referred to as the advocate of revenge as he has been the one who has successfully reintroduced the emotion back into the rationality of law. At the same time, it has been seen that Nietzsche is one of the most virulent critic to the emotions as revenge. In many cases it has been seen that the ways in which revenge has been referred to by Nietzsche has been critical. Nietzsche says that the revenge is one of the weakest and the most reactive feelings that are associated with the slave morality. Thereby here it can be added that according to Nietzsche revenge is the driving force to the slave morality.
There have been many criticisms regarding the philosophy of revenge that Nietzsche held however it can be argued here that Nietzsche had something important to quote about revenge in his works and these are the works that have to be be investigated and analyzed for the proper relationship that has been pointed out between the revenge and justice. One of the important points that have been emphasized by Nietzsche is that the gratitude is a good revenge. This is the one point that can help in understanding the relationship that lies between justice and revenge. while thinking about the revenge, the understanding of how the anger can make the achievement of justice difficult, is highlighted.
It has been argued that the self-interest is as important as the person himself who owns it. In one case this is the self-interest that can be worthy while in another case it can be unworthy. Every individual can be analyzed if he is representing the ascending or descending line of life. If this is the analysis that is carried out that there is a clearer idea of the worth of the self interest can be analyzed as well. If the individual represents the ascending line of life than he has an extra ordinary worth. On the other hand, it has been argued that if an individual represents the descending lime of life than that is representative of the chronic degeneration, sickness as well as the lesser worth and the minimum if decency and he is the one who acquires lesser from the ones who have been well enough with him.
Naturalism has been created by Nietzsche by saying that all the afterworldly creations are the ones that can be referred to as the simple human creations and these creations are created based on the weaknesses and sickness of the human kind. It has been interpreted by many researchers and it has been argued that the concept of afterworldly is the one that says that the way an individual thinks of himself is often corrupted by language, and it is because of a long term dualism. This is the concept that asks the humanity to reconstruct the vision of the human life by ignoring the strong impacts of the language. This is not to be considered as the form of classic materialism.
This has been the discussion that can ensure the fact that Nietzsche is the one who has to be remembered as a political thinker. Although the one main fact is that the thinking that are given by him are limited because of the fact that he had a lesser hold upon the ideas related to the socialist theories. Indeed these are the points that have to be considered while his philosophies and arguments are taken into account but these socialist therapies cannot merely make the interpreters dismiss his arguments. The interrogation that Nietzsche has carried out on the socialism is the one of the best example s of the ways in which the basic fundamental commitments of the modernism have been challenged.
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